What are the three major approved grapes for Champagne?

• A. Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, and Merlot
• B. Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, and Syrah
• C. Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, and Meunier
• D. Cabernet Sauvignon, Grenache, and Tempranillo

Answer: (C)

Champagne is defined by three authorized grape varieties. The three major grapes are Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, and Pinot Meunier (often called Meunier). Chardonnay brings high acidity, finesse, and aging potential, which helps give Champagne its lift and elegance. Pinot Noir provides structure, body, and red-fruit character that add depth to blends. Pinot Meunier contributes fruitiness, softness, and roundness, helping create approachable styles and adding versatility in blending. Together, these varieties cover the range of Champagne styles—from crisp Blanc de Blancs to rich Blanc de Noirs and traditional blends.

Other grape sets include varieties not permitted in Champagne, such as Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, and Merlot, or combinations that mix non-approved grapes. That’s why the three major approved grapes are Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, and Pinot Meunier.